Private or public school advantage? Evidence from 40 countries using PISA 2012-Mathematics


Δημοσιευμένα: Μαΐ 11, 2017
Chris Sakellariou
Περίληψη

It is known that in most countries, students in private schools outperform students in public schools in international assessments. However, assessing the true effect of private school attendance requires addressing selection and sorting issues on both observables and unobservables. The existing empirical evidence on the private school effect mostly covers OECD and Latin American countries, with little evidence on other parts of the world. There is recent emerging country specific evidence doubting the existence of a private school advantage. I use PISA 2012 data for Mathematics and two different methodologies to derive baseline and bias-corrected estimates of the private-dependent and independent school effect for 40 countries. A robust private school advantage if found only in a handful of countries. Public schools generally perform equally well as private subsidised schools and outperform independent schools. Accounting for both peer effects and selection is necessary when evaluating school effectiveness, especially in the case of independent schools.

Λεπτομέρειες άρθρου
  • Ενότητα
  • Εισηγήσεις
Βιογραφικό Συγγραφέα
Chris Sakellariou, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Department of Economics

Humanities and Social Sciences

Αναφορές
Altonji, J., Elder, T. E. & Taber, C. (2002) An evaluation of instrumental variable strategies for estimating the effects of Catholic schools. NBER Working Papers 9358, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
Altonji, J., Elder, T. E. & Taber, C. (2005) Selection on observed and unobserved variables: Assessing the effectiveness of Catholic schools. Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 113 (1), 151-184.
Bryk, A.S., Lee, V. E. & Holland, P. B. (1993) Catholic schools and the common good. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA.
Coleman, J. & Hoffer, T. (1987) Public and private high schools: The impact of communities. New York: Basic Books.
Coleman, J., Hoffer, T. & Kilgore, S. (1982) High school achievement: Public, Catholic, and private schools compared. New York: Basic Books.
Cardak, B. & Vecci J. (2013) Catholic school effectiveness in Australia: A reassessment using selection on observed and unobserved variables. Economics of Education Review, Vol. 37(C), 34-45.
Day Ashley, C., Mcloughlin, C., Aslam, M., Engel, J., Wales, J., Rawal,S., Batley, R., Kingdon, G., Nicolai, S. & Rose, P. (2014) The Role and impact of private schools in developing countries: A rigorous review of the evidence. London: Department for International Development.
Donkers, J. & Robert P., (2008) Differences in scholastic achievement of public, private government-dependent, and private independent schools: A cross-national analysis. Educational Policy, Vol. 22 (4), 541-577.
Elder, T. & Jepsen C. (2014) Are Catholic primary schools more effective than public primary schools?. Journal of Urban Economics, Vol. 80 (March), 28–38.
French, R. & Kingdon, G. (2010) The relative effectiveness of private and government schools in Rural India: Evidence from ASER data. DoQSS Working Paper No. 10-03. Institute of Education, University of London.
Hanushek, E. & Rivkin, S. (2010) Generalizations about using value-added measures of teacher quality. American Economic Review, 100(2), 267–271.
Heyneman, S. P. (2005) Student background and student achievement: What is the right question? American Journal of Education, 112: 1–9.
Imbens, G. (2003) Sensitivity to Exogeneity assumptions in program evaluation. American Economic Review, Vol. 93 (2), 126-132.
Lubienski, C., Weitzel, P. &. Lubienski, S. T (2009) Is there a “consensus” on school choice and achievement? Advocacy research and the emerging political economy of knowledge production. Educational Policy Vol. 23 (1), 161-193.
Lubienski, C. & Lubienski, S. T. (2013) The Public School Advantage. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
Manski, C. (2003) Partial Identification of Probability Distributions. Springer Series in Statistics.
McEwan, P. J. (2000) Comparing the effectiveness of public and private schools: A review of evidence and interpretations. National Centre for the Study of Privatization in Education Occasional Paper N° 3, Teachers College, Columbia University.
Mcloughlin, C. (2013) Low-cost private schools: Evidence, approaches and emerging issues. EPS-Peaks, U.K.
Oster, E. (2013) Unobservable selection and coefficient stability: Theory and validation. NBER Working Papers 19054, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
OECD (2011) Private schools: Who benefits?. PISA in focus 7, Education Policy, Paris, France.
Rosenbaum, P. & Rubin, D. (1983) Assessing Sensitivity to an Unobserved Binary Covariate in an Observational Study with Binary Outcome. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, Vol. 45 (2), 212-218.
Somers, M. A., McEwan P. J. & Willms, J. D. (2004) How effective are private schools in Latin America? Comparative Education Review, Vol. 48 (1), 48-69.
Snijders, T. & Bosker, R. (1999) Multilevel Analysis. London: Sage.
Vandenberghe, V. & Robin, S. (2004) Evaluating the effectiveness of private education across countries: a comparison of methods."Labour Economics, Vol. 11(4), 487-506.